Release time：2023-11-08 16:52
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With the increase of sub-healthy people and the aggravation of population aging, the incidence of various chronic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and bone and joint diseases is also increasing, and rehabilitation has gradually received attention from everyone.
What is rehabilitation physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is also called physical therapy. Physical therapy is the main body of rehabilitation treatment. It uses physical factors including sound, light, cold, heat, electricity, force (exercise and pressure) for treatment. It uses non-invasive and non-drug treatment to restore the original physiological function of the body for local or systemic dysfunction or lesions of the human body.
Physiotherapy is a very important part of modern and traditional medicine. It is non-invasive and safe. It can play a different degree of preventive and therapeutic effect on many diseases in daily life. Its principle mainly uses external physical methods to stimulate the body's muscle tissue, acupoints, etc., produce reactions, and improve the body's circulation.
What are the rehabilitation physiotherapy methods?
The rehabilitation methods of physiotherapy can be divided into traditional rehabilitation methods and modern rehabilitation methods. Among them, traditional rehabilitation methods include: acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, cupping, scraping, ear acupuncture, Chinese medicine external application, etc.; while modern physiotherapy includes: sound therapy, light therapy, hydrotherapy, electrotherapy, magnetic therapy, cold therapy, heat therapy, etc., such as wax therapy, microwave, ultrashort wave, laser, ultrasound, shock wave, low-frequency electricity, interference electricity, infrared light, nerve therapy instrument, etc.; whether it is traditional rehabilitation techniques or modern rehabilitation methods, the treatment range is relatively wide, and different techniques have different effects. It can not only cure and prevent diseases, but also maintain health.
Who needs rehabilitation therapy
1. People with functional disabilities
People with functional disabilities caused by various reasons, that is, all diseases that cannot normally play psychological, physical, and social functions, whether congenital or acquired, can receive rehabilitation therapy.
2. Chronic diseases and sub-healthy people
With the change of people's dietary structure, the acceleration of the pace of life and the reduction of physical activities, the sub-healthy group has increased significantly, and various chronic diseases have also followed, especially among young and middle-aged people.
3. Elderly people
Due to the increase of age, the functions of the elderly people's bodies gradually decline, and the aggravation of population aging makes them one of the main targets of rehabilitation treatment.
Therapeutic characteristics and indications of traditional physical therapy
1. Acupuncture
Its therapeutic characteristics can directly reach the painful area, play the role of promoting qi and blood circulation, dredging meridians, relieving pain, etc., and there are no side effects.
Applicable to: cervical spondylosis, lumbar disc herniation, stiff neck, lumbar muscle strain, facial neuritis, sequelae of stroke, knee pain, dizziness and various soft tissue injuries.
2. Tuina massage
Its therapeutic characteristics are to promote blood circulation and cell metabolism, increase oxygen delivery, and relieve muscle fatigue.
Applicable to: periarthritis of shoulder, cervical spondylosis, tennis elbow, lumbar protrusion, sciatica, acute lumbar sprain, myofasciitis, etc.
3. Moxibustion
Its characteristics are to use the heat of moxibustion fire and the medicinal effect of wormwood to drive away cold and dampness, warm the meridians and dredge the collaterals, and have the functions of prevention, treatment and health care.
Applicable to: various diseases caused by meridian paralysis and cold blood stagnation, such as: uterine cold dysmenorrhea, exogenous wind-cold, wind-cold-dampness arthralgia, stomach pain, etc.
4. Cupping
Its characteristic is that through the principle of mechanical air extraction, negative pressure is formed in the cup, and the cup body is adsorbed on the lesion point or the selected acupoints to stimulate the meridian acupoints, meridian tendons, etc., so as to dredge the meridians, eliminate toxins, strengthen the body, and promote metabolism.
Applicable to: colds, stomachaches, sequelae of stroke, muscle pain, neuralgia, joint pain, back pain, dysmenorrhea, herpes zoster and other diseases.
5. Gua Sha
It is one of the external treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effects of removing dampness and heat, wind-cold, promoting blood circulation and unblocking collaterals, removing blood stasis and detoxification.
Applicable to: colds, headaches, vomiting, high temperature heatstroke, etc. caused by exogenous evil; or various soft tissue pains, periarthritis of shoulder, sciatica, etc. caused by wind-cold-damp evil.
Therapeutic characteristics and indications of modern physiotherapy
1. Traction
It can effectively reduce muscle tension, eliminate nerve edema and adhesion, and relieve symptoms quickly.
Applicable to: patients with lumbar protrusion, cervical spondylosis, lumbar stenosis, etc.
2. Direct current drug ion introduction
Its characteristics are that the drug can directly reach the local lesion, and the action time is long, and it will not damage the skin mucosa, no pain, no gastrointestinal irritation, and it is easily accepted by the public.
Applicable to: painful diseases such as neck, shoulder, waist and legs.
3. Medium frequency electrotherapy
The depth and area of its current are large, the stimulation is strong, and it has good analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Applicable to: common diseases such as soft tissue injury, sprain, muscle strain, neck, shoulder, waist and leg pain, tenosynovitis, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis, adnexitis, degenerative joint disease, and postpartum urinary retention.
4. Ultrashort wave therapy
Ultrashort wave therapy is to use ultra-high frequency alternating current with a wavelength of 10-1 meters to act on the human body, causing resonance of intracellular substances, producing special stimulation to cells and tissues, repairing inflammatory damage in the lesion site, and thus achieving the purpose of treatment.
Indications: Treatment of acute or subacute inflammation, especially suitable for the treatment of acute suppurative inflammation such as furuncles and carbuncles on the head and face.
5. Ultrasound therapy
Ultrasound is a mechanical vibration wave, and its frequency is usually higher than the upper limit of human hearing (20kHz).
It is suitable for soft tissue injury, neuralgia, neuritis, periarthritis of shoulder, tenosynovitis, etc. On the one hand, ultrasound acts on the human body to increase the temperature, thereby accelerating local blood and lymph circulation, improving tissue nutrition and material metabolism. On the other hand, the mechanical vibration and pressure change of ultrasound can form a massage effect on cell substances and cell structures, thereby changing the permeability of cell membranes, promoting metabolism, improving the regeneration ability of cell tissues, and loosening adhesions and softening scars.
6. Shock wave therapy
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy refers to a method of treating patients using mechanical waves with huge energy generated by an extracorporeal shock therapy device. Through physical shock to the human body, a series of biological effects are produced, which promotes tissue repair, regeneration, analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects. Extracorporeal shock waves mainly include focused shock wave therapy and divergent shock wave therapy. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is most effective in the treatment of chronic soft tissue injury pain.
Characteristics of physical therapy
Physical therapy, like drugs, surgery, nutrition, radiation and other therapies, is an important part of modern therapeutics. Compared with these therapies, physical therapy has the following characteristics:
1. Fast results
Such as hot water baths to sweat, cold water baths to cool down, some low and medium frequency electric treatments for acute sprains and contusions, and warm treatments for spasms, they often have immediate results, and patients feel light and happy.
2. Painless
Many patients who undergo physical therapy can quickly adapt to this therapy because of its non-damage and painless characteristics. This is because physical therapy works quickly, the pain is relieved immediately, and there is a feeling of comfort and lightness. Although some low and medium frequency electric therapies have some stimulating reactions, patients are still happy to accept this treatment because of "fighting pain with pain".
3. Few side effects
Physical therapy rarely causes physical discomfort or allergic reactions. Ultraviolet radiation causes erythema, and repeated electrical stimulation causes rough and itchy skin. These are all normal reactions and do not harm patients.
4. Long-lasting efficacy
Generally speaking, drugs that enter the body through oral or injection routes are completely eliminated from the body after a few hours. Physical therapy is different. Some people have conducted experiments to inject lithium subcutaneously. Lithium components were detected in the urine after 1 hour, and there was no trace of lithium in the urine after 24 hours. When lithium is sent to the human body by electric current, lithium components are detected in the urine after 24 hours, and it takes about 4 days to be completely eliminated from the body.
Another aspect of the long-lasting effect of physical therapy is that after repeated treatments, a multiple superposition and accumulation effect can be produced. Several treatments added together are better than one treatment. Of course, the number of physical treatments is not unlimited, but there is a certain course of treatment. After the course of treatment, there is generally a certain aftereffect.
How to choose physical therapy programs
1. Determine treatment goals based on function
First, determine the main factors that affect functional problems, such as inflammation, pain, limited joint movement, muscle strength and other problems. Then analyze the many causes of pain and the factors that affect limited joint movement, and then intervene in appropriate physical factors, rather than blindly treating symptoms. We emphasize limited goals, and usually choose the main problems and the fastest results.
2. Eliminate contraindications and precautions
Our principle is "do no harm", so before physical therapy, it is necessary to complete some necessary clinical examinations to exclude related contraindications and avoid risks. At the same time, it is required that relevant operators must be proficient in the standardized operation of the instrument and perform treatment safely.
Common contraindications include: pregnancy, high fever, malignant tumors, pacemakers, bleeding tendency, active tuberculosis, and severe heart, lung and kidney diseases. Use with caution in patients with sensory impairment and cognitive impairment.
3. Evidence-based and experience-based selection of optimal treatment
The combination of various high-quality literature, books and the accumulated clinical experience of therapists is an effective way for us to choose physical factors.
4. Cost, convenience, and feasibility
We try to choose physical factors with relatively low treatment costs, relative convenience, and high safety.